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Unmasking OSI Layers: How Cyber Attacks Target Each Level

By Vernon Smith on
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The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model serves as the blueprint for network communication, breaking down the process into seven distinct layers. While these layers facilitate seamless data exchange, they can also become vulnerabilities when exploited by cybercriminals. In this blog post, we'll explore each OSI layer and shed light on how cyber attacks can target and compromise the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of data. Physical Layer: The physical layer deals with the actual transmission of raw bits over physical media. While not directly targeted by cyber attacks, its vulnerabilities can be exploited. Attackers may physically tamper with cables or equipment, causing network disruptions or eavesdropping. Data Link Layer: The data link layer ensures error-free transmission between directly connected devices. MAC address spoofing is a common attack here, where attackers manipulate MAC addresses to gain unauthorized access to a network, known as a "man-in-the-...
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Top YouTube Channels for Expert Guidance on Cyber Security

By Vernon Smith on
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Dive into professional tutorials, gain insightful advice, explore informative podcasts, and stay updated with the latest news to empower yourself on your path towards cyber security excellence. Whether you're seeking educational enlightenment, expert guidance, or timely updates, this comprehensive list of resources has got you covered every step of the way. @DavidBombal The primary focus of David Bombal's channel is to provide practical tutorials and hands-on demonstrations to help beginners and professionals alike develop their networking skills. He covers a wide range of topics, including Cisco networking, network automation using tools like Ansible and Netmiko, network security, Linux, Wireshark, and much more. @_JohnHammond J ohn's channel primarily focuses on educational content, where he shares his knowledge and experiences in a practical and accessible manner. He covers a wide range of topics related to cybersecurity, including network security, web application secur...
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Unmasking Network Vulnerabilities: Exposing the Exploitable Side of Network Protocols

By Vernon Smith on
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Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP): Bad actors can exploit insecure SNMP configurations to gain unauthorized access to network devices, extract sensitive information, or even manipulate device settings. Domain Name System (DNS): DNS can be targeted through attacks like DNS spoofing or cache poisoning, allowing bad actors to redirect traffic, manipulate domain resolutions, or launch phishing attacks. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP): Insecure HTTP connections can be intercepted by attackers, leading to unauthorized access, data theft, or session hijacking. Transitioning to HTTPS with proper encryption is crucial. File Transfer Protocol (FTP): FTP lacks encryption, making it susceptible to eavesdropping and unauthorized access. Attackers can intercept login credentials or inject malicious files during file transfers. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP): SMTP is often targeted for email-based attacks, including phishing and email spoofing. Attackers can exploit vulnerabilities t...
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TCP and UDP : A Guide to Network Communication Protocols

By Vernon Smith on
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In the world of computer networks, two fundamental protocols play a vital role in facilitating communication: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). These protocols govern how data is transmitted and received across networks. In this blog post, we will delve into the basics of TCP and UDP, demystifying their functionality, differences, and use cases. By the end, you will have a clear understanding of these protocols and their importance in network communication. Transmission Control Protocol TCP: The Reliable Connection-oriented Protocol: TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that ensures reliable delivery of data. Think of it as a conversation between two individuals where messages are exchanged and acknowledged to ensure the information arrives intact. TCP establishes a connection between a sender and receiver before data transmission, verifying that packets are delivered in the correct order and without errors. TCP's features include: a. Reliabilit...
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Demystifying DNS: Understanding the Network Protocol

By Vernon Smith on
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In today's interconnected world, the Domain Name System (DNS) plays a vital role in enabling the seamless flow of information across the internet. While it might seem complex at first, understanding DNS is crucial for anyone interested in networks and cybersecurity. In this blog post, we will delve into the fundamentals of DNS, demystify its inner workings, and explore its significance in maintaining a robust and efficient network infrastructure. What is DNS? DNS, short for Domain Name System, is a hierarchical decentralized naming system that translates human-readable domain names (such as www.example.com) into machine-readable IP addresses (such as 192.0.2.1). It acts as the phone book of the internet, linking domain names to their corresponding IP addresses. How DNS Works: DNS Resolution Process: When a user enters a domain name in their web browser, the DNS resolution process begins: The user's device sends a DNS query to a DNS resolver (usually provided by the Internet Ser...
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